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<BarrierProject Name="ARAMISexample.xml" ManCalculationMethod="NoEffect">
	<BarrierProjectDescription>Example using the ARAMIS management factors and barrier types</BarrierProjectDescription>
	<AllManagementIssues>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N2nd_ARAMIS_Item_Competence_And_Suitability" Name="2nd ARAMIS Item, Competence and Suitability" Performance="1">
			<Description>Competence covers the knowledge, skills, and abilities of first-line and/or back-up personnel for the safe execution of safety-critical tasks related to barrier functioning or management. Competence covers the cognitive aspects of behaviour, which can be learned through training, experience and practice. They include: Job content/safety, e.g.: Plant process knowledge:
- Operating procedures, critical tasks, action alternatives, skills
- Boundary of safety operations
- Hazards, safety consequences of actions, safety priorities
- Safety responsibility/task boundaries

Inspection &amp; testing procedures:
- Fault diagnosis &amp; response
- Emergency procedures
- Maintenance diagnosis
- Safe isolation and recommissioning
- Equipment dismantling, repair, testing &amp; reassembly

Other skills:
- Communications
- Team work
- Supervision/management
- Issuing instructions

Suitability covers physical attributes that are usually more permanent characteristics of an individual, though some can be modified or compensated for over the longer term. They include: Size, strength, dexterity, Physical condition, health, Visual acuity, colour blindness, and Hearing.</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N1st_ARAMIS_Item_Manpower_Planning_And_Availability" Name="1st ARAMIS Item, Manpower Planning and Availability" Performance="1">
			<Description>Manpower Planning covers allocating the necessary time (or numbers) of competent people to the tasks that have to be carried out, at the moment (or within the time frame) when they should be carried out. It also covers the process of planning and allocation of tasks over time, including coverage for: Holidays, Sick leave, Peak loads, Ensuring breaks and rest pauses, and Limiting overtime and fatigue.
Personnel Availability ensures that personnell is available for all relevant tasks in relation to the functioning and management of barriers (operations, maintenance, emergency), including:Operating personnel, Maintenance personnel, Inspection, testing incl. general plantwalk-rounds, Supervision, and Back-up , emergency crews.</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N3rd_ARAMIS_Item_Commitment_Compliance_And_Conflict_Resolution" Name="3rd ARAMIS Item, Commitment, Compliance and Conflict resolution" Performance="1">
			<Description>Commitment and conflict resolution are concerned with:
- Information, training and discussion on what is important and has priority
- Rapid confrontation and correction of deviations from the desired working method, state or condition
- High (publicity) profile and reward for achievements on safety
- Appraisal schemes with explicit attention to safety performance
- Recurrent active attention to safety in meetings, discussions and actions
- Procedure violations
- Keeping to the prescribed operating envelope
- Safety and production/time pressures e.g. production pressures reducing scheduled maintenance/inspection, operations which come under time pressure for implementation, reluctance to declare emergencies or shutdown plant because of loss of production
- Safety critical maintenance priority over production
- Balancing production targets, resource availability/costs and inspection and maintenance requirements via e.g. time schedules and budget setting
- Safety budget (increased/decreased)</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N4th_ARAMIS_Item_Communication_And_Coordination_" Name="4th ARAMIS Item, Communication and Coordination " Performance="1">
			<Description>The communication and coordination concerns itself with:
- Communication channels (phone, radio, minutes, reports, etc.)
- Coordination methods (e.g. meetings, supervision)
- Communication between: 
Different persons engaged on one task as team or working in sequence, and 
Shifts at changeover
- Communication about:
Work content
Barrier/plant status
Job instructions
Priorities
Who does what, where and when
Need for action or (back-up) personnel and equipment
- Communication systems for sharing operation/maintenance hazard concerns and experience</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N5th_ARAMIS_Item_Procedures_Rules_And_Goals" Name="5th ARAMIS Item, Procedures, rules, and goals" Performance="1">
			<Description>The procedures, rules and goals delivery system is occupied with identifying tasks that need (detailed) written rules and procedures, and subsequently providing and promulgating these. This system also delivers output goals for tasks that do not need a detailed procedure.
Procedures and rules are specific performance criteria, which specify in detail, usually in written form, a formalised 'normative' behaviour or method for carrying out an activity (checklist, task list, action steps, plan, instruction manual, fault-finding heuristic, form to be completed, etc.).
Output goals are performance measures for an activity, which specify what the result of the activity should be, but not how the results should be achieved. They are objectives, goals or outputs.
The procedures, rules and goals delivery system concerns itself with: Coverage (i.e. all safety situations), Accuracy, Readability/usability, Size/complexity/overload or rule sets, Clarity/ambiguity, Up-to-date, Indicating priorities.</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N6th_ARAMIS_Item_Hard_Software_Purchase_Build_Interface_Install" Name="6th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install" Performance="1">
			<Description>Management of barrier (and spares) purchase, construction, installation and adjustment deals with the management process for ensuring that the hardware/ software barriers and barrier elements in agreement with specifications are acquired, either by purchase from outside, or by construction on site, are put in place and adjusted and that the spare parts or replacements purchased and stored for the maintenance phase of their life cycle are the correct ones and are in good condition when used. The process should pay explicit attention to the human factors aspects of the interface between barrier elements and their users in the case of mixed barriers.</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N7th_ARAMIS_Item_Hard_Software_Inspection_Maintenance_And_Replacement" Name="7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement" Performance="1">
			<Description>Management of inspection, maintenance and replacement deals with the management processes for ensuring that the specified hardware/software barriers and barrier elements are kept in an effective state. It covers all hardware and software which has a function within any barrier designed to fulfill a safety function in the plant. It forms the part of the life cycle of these barrier elements from the point where they have been installed and adjusted and are ready for use. It covers all the activities which monitor the working of the barriers, detect the (chance of) deviation from the designed working and identify the need for work to be done to restore the functioning or replace the barrier (elements) with new ones. This process also manages small modifications which are carried out at the same time as, and under the same management as the maintenance activities. Where the modifications are of a more major type, which are (or should be) dealt with by a change management process, these are covered by the protocol on learning and change.</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
		<ManagementIssue ID="N0th_ARAMIS_Item_Safety_Culture" Name="0th ARAMIS Item, Safety Culture" Performance="0.75">
			<Description>Safety culture can be assessed by questionnaire surveys of the personnel. Safety culture addresses the following issues: Learning and willingness to report: the employees' willingness / reluctance to report accidents and incidents, their perception of feedback from reporting and dissemination of lessons learned. Safety prioritisation, rules and compliance covering use of and familiarity with rules and instructions; the prioritisation of safety versus productivity and ease of work; the extent to which and the circumstances under which safety procedures may be violated. Leadership involvement and commitment concerns both the avowed involvement and commitment of management and supervisors and team leaders as well as employee perception of their commitment and involvement  Risk and human performance limitation perception concerns management and employee awareness of hazards, risks and human error potentials (fatigue, automation etc.) relevant to their work. Felt responsibility concerns the employee's perception of who is responsible for safety at work including felt ownership of responsibility Trust and fairness involves management's trust in employees and, crucially, employees' trust in top management and their immediate leaders and employee perception of fairness in the workplace. Work team atmosphere and support comprises employees' perception of teamwork and the'spirit' in their respective teams; the extent to which the team gives its members support and help; and the extent to which respondents are willing to speak up and warn each other of dangers. Motivation, influence and involvement comprises (i) work as meaningful; (ii) own influence on work planning and execution; (iii) motivation and involvement; and (iv) feeling informed and finding work predictable</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementIssue>
	</AllManagementIssues>
	<AllBarrierTypes>
		<BarrierType ID="N1_Permanent_Passive4212344264" Name="1 Permanent Passive (Control)">
			<Description>Detection: none; Diagnosis: none; Activation: hardware. Passive controls are those elements in a process system that are necessary for the system to operate, and essential to avoid the hazardous situations. Typical examples are tanks (tank walls) pipes (pipewalls), anticorrosion paint, floating tank lids, viewing ports in vessels</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
				<ManagementFactor ID="N1_Permanent_Passive4212344264" Name="1 Permanent Passive (Control)_6th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install" Value="0.8" Performance="0.8" ManagementIssue="6th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install">
					<Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor>
				<ManagementFactor ID="N1_Permanent_Passive4212344264" Name="1 Permanent Passive (Control)_7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement" Value="0.2" Performance="0.7" ManagementIssue="7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement">
					<Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N2_Permanent_Passive4212344264" Name="2 Permanent Passive Barrier">
			<Description>Detection: none; Diagnosis: none; Activation: hardware. Passive Barriers are elements in a system that are constantly present (i.e. they do not need to be activated), and that are installed with the only reason to avoid or limit hazardous situations (i.e. the installation can in principle operate without those barriers). Typical examples are tank bunds, dyke, blastwalls, fire protection, drainage sump, fence, lightning conductors</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
				<ManagementFactor ID="N2_Permanent_Passive4212344264" Name="2 Permanent Passive Barrier_6th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install" Value="0.7" Performance="0.8" ManagementIssue="6th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install">
					<Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor>
				<ManagementFactor ID="N2_Permanent_Passive4212344264" Name="2 Permanent Passive Barrier_7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement" Value="0.3" Performance="0.7" ManagementIssue="7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement">
					<Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N3_Temporary_Passive4212344264" Name="3 Temporary Passive Barrier">
			<Description>Detection: none; Diagnosis: none (must be put in place); Activation: hardware. Barriers temporary put in place such as barriers round repair work, blind flanges over open pipes, spades in pipes, inhibitors in substances</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N4_Permanent_Active_4212344264" Name="4 Permanent Active Barrier">
			<Description>Detection: none; Diagnosis: none (need operator activation in some conditions); Activation: hardware.These barriers are constantly present, but need an energy source to work, such as ventilation, active corrosion protection, inerting, heating or cooling.</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N5_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="5 Activated Barrier - Hardware on demand">
			<Description>Detection: hardware; Diagnosis: hardware; Activation: hardware. Barriers and controls that by hardware take action: Pressure relief valves, interlock systems with logic, sprinkler installation (barriers). Pressure/temperature/level control (controls or barriers)</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
				<ManagementFactor ID="N5_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="5 Activated Barrier - Hardware on demand_ARAMIS Item 6 Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install" Value="0.5" Performance="0.8" ManagementIssue="6th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install">
					<Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor>
				<ManagementFactor ID="N5_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="5 Activated Barrier - Hardware on demand_ARAMIS Item 7 Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement" Value="0.5" Performance="0.9" ManagementIssue="7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement">
					<Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N6_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="6 Activated Barrier - Automated">
			<Description>Detection: hardware; Diagnosis: software; Activation: hardware. Programmable automated device, control system or shutdown system</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)">
			<Description>Detection: hardware; Diagnosis: behaviour (Rule, Skill or Knowledge based); Activation: Behaviour with possible hardware assist. Actions of operators in response to instrument reading, signals or alarms, e.g. Manual shutdown or adjustment, evacuation, donning breathing apparatus or calling fire brigade on alarm, action triggered by remote camera, drain valve, close/open (correct) valve</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
				<ManagementFactor ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)_1st ARAMIS Item, Manpower Planning and Availability" Value="0.05" Performance="0" ManagementIssue="1st ARAMIS Item, Manpower Planning and Availability"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor><ManagementFactor ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)_2nd ARAMIS Item, Competence and Suitability" Value="0.2" Performance="0.7" ManagementIssue="2nd ARAMIS Item, Competence and Suitability"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor><ManagementFactor ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)_3rd ARAMIS Item, Commitment, Compliance and Conflict resolution" Value="0.05" Performance="0.6" ManagementIssue="3rd ARAMIS Item, Commitment, Compliance and Conflict resolution"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor><ManagementFactor ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)_4th ARAMIS Item, Communication and Coordination " Value="0.1" Performance="0.6" ManagementIssue="4th ARAMIS Item, Communication and Coordination "><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor><ManagementFactor ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)_5th ARAMIS Item, Procedures, rules, and goals" Value="0.3" Performance="0.9" ManagementIssue="5th ARAMIS Item, Procedures, rules, and goals"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor><ManagementFactor ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)_7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement" Value="0.1" Performance="0.9" ManagementIssue="7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor><ManagementFactor ID="N7_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)_0th ARAMIS Item, Safety Culture" Value="0.2" Performance="0.75" ManagementIssue="0th ARAMIS Item, Safety Culture"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></ManagementFactor></ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N8_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="8 Activated Barrier - Warned (Human Action based on passive warning)">
			<Description>Detection: hardware; Diagnosis: behaviour (Skill or Rule); Activation: behaviour. Donning persinal protection equipment in danger area, refraining from smoking, keeping within white lines, opening labelled pipe, keeping out of prohibited areas</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N9_Activated_Barrier4212344264" Name="9 Activated Barrier - Assisted (Software presents diagnosis to operator)">
			<Description>Detection: hardware; Diagnosis: Software/Behaviour (Rule or Knowledge based); Activation: Behaviour with possible hardware assist. Using an expert system or other software that determines the plant state based on some combination of inputs</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N10_Activated_Barrie4212344264" Name="10 Activated Barrier - Procedural (Observation of local conditions not using instruments)">
			<Description>Detection: Human; Diagnosis: Behaviour (Skill or Rule based); Activation: Behaviour with possible hardware assist. (Correctly) follow start up/shutdown/batch process procedure, adjust setting of hardware, warn others to act or evacuate, (un)couple tanker from storage, empty purge line before opening, drive tanker, lay down water curtain</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
			</ManagementFactors>
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		<BarrierType ID="N11_Activated_Barrie4212344264" Name="11 Activated Barrier - Emergency (Ad-hoc observation of deviation and improvised response)">
			<Description>Detection: Human; Diagnosis: Behaviour (Knowledge based); Activation: Behaviour with possible hardware assist. Response to unexpected emergency, e.g. improvised jury-rig during maintenance, fight fire</Description>
			<ManagementFactors>
			</ManagementFactors>
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	</AllBarrierTypes>
	<AllGenericBarriers>
		<GenericBarrier ID="Pressure_RV4212344264" Name="Pressure RV" BarrierType="5 Activated Barrier - Hardware on demand" ManagementFactorType="Default" PFD="0.001">
			<Description>Generic Pressure Relief Valves</Description>
			<Measures><MeasureReference Name="Test of PRV"/></Measures><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></GenericBarrier>
		<GenericBarrier ID="Tank_Wall4212344264" Name="tank wall" BarrierType="1 Permanent Passive (Control)" ManagementFactorType="Default" PFD="0">
			<Description>1 Permanent Passive (Control)</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></GenericBarrier>
		<GenericBarrier ID="Operator_Control_Ope4212344264" Name="Operator control operation" BarrierType="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)" ManagementFactorType="Default" PFD="0.01">
			<Description>Type: Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)
Normal control operation in response to instrument reading - highly routine operation (rule based)</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></GenericBarrier>
	</AllGenericBarriers>
	<AllConditions>
		<Condition ID="No_Power4212344264" Name="No Power" ExpectedFreq="1.14155251141553E-6" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description>General power failure during critical phase of reaction;
Power failures longer than a few minutes happen once per year. Reaction is in critical phase about 1% of time.
Start of batch process is hard-locked with availability of power and cooling</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="No_Mixing4212344264" Name="No Mixing" ExpectedFreq="2.39726384615301E-6" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Intermediate">
			<Description>No mixing in the reactor or no cooling at the reactor wall</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Mechanical_Failure4212344264" Name="Mechanical Failure" ExpectedFreq="1.14155251141553E-6" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description>Mechanical failure of either cooling system or stirring mechanism.</Description>
			<Measures><MeasureReference Name="Preventive maintenance"/></Measures><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Electrical_Failure4212344264" Name="Electrical Failure" ExpectedFreq="1.14155251141553E-7" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description>Electrical failure during operation in the control and power system of stirring mechanism or cooling pump</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Temperature_Rise4212344264" Name="Temperature rise" ExpectedFreq="1.62100783839257E-7" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Intermediate">
			<Description>If there is no mixing or cooling, the reaction heat will increase the temperature, at least locally inside the reactor.</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Boiling_In_Reactor4212344264" Name="Boiling in reactor" ExpectedFreq="9.87364845281326E-9" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Critical">
			<Description>If no cooling or no mixing, the reaction may develop exponentially, and the heat production can cause the contents to start boiling</Description>
			<Links><Link ID="Run_Away_Investigati4212344264" Name="Run away investigation" AbsReference="http://www.taproot.com/wordpress/2009/09/15/press-release-from-the-us-chemical-safety-board-csb-finds-t2-laboratories-explosion-caused-by-failure-of-cooling-system-resulting-in-runaway-chemical-reaction/" RelReference="" Abs="True"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Link></Links><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Vessel_Burst4212344264" Name="Vessel Burst" ExpectedFreq="2.96209453584398E-11" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="4: Serious Consequences" TypeOf="Consequence">
			<Description>Burst of reactor vessel in the reactor hall total release of whole contents in the hall. The operator in the hall is likely to be fatally injured</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Release4212344264" Name="Release" ExpectedFreq="9.84402750745482E-9" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="1: Insignificant Consequences" TypeOf="Consequence">
			<Description>Release of toxic material from the vent line to the atmophere</Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Wrong_Amounts_In_Rea4212344264" Name="Wrong amounts in reactor" ExpectedFreq="1.14155251141553E-6" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description></Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Input_Til_AndGate4212344264" Name="Input til AndGate" ExpectedFreq="0.1" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Condition" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description></Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Other_Input_To_AndGa4212344264" Name="Other input to AndGate" ExpectedFreq="0.2" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Condition" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description></Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="OutPut_Of_AndGate4212344264" Name="OutPut of AndGate" ExpectedFreq="0.3826" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Condition" Severity="" TypeOf="Consequence">
			<Description></Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Input_To_Or_Gate4212344264" Name="Input to Or Gate" ExpectedFreq="0.1" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Condition" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description></Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="ANother_Input_To_OrG4212344264" Name="ANother input to OrGate" ExpectedFreq="0.3" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Condition" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial">
			<Description></Description>
			<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition>
		<Condition ID="Filling_Operation4212344264" Name="Filling operation" ExpectedFreq="0.00593607305936073" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Initial"><Description>Filling operation is performed every week</Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition><Condition ID="Level_Exceeds_Normal4212344264" Name="Level exceeds normal fill level" ExpectedFreq="5.93607305936073E-5" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Intermediate"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition><Condition ID="Tank_Overflow4212344264" Name="Tank overflow" ExpectedFreq="2.96803652968036E-6" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="" TypeOf="Intermediate"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition><Condition ID="Tank_Bassin_Is_Partl4212344264" Name="Tank bassin is partly filled" ExpectedFreq="2.96506849315069E-6" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="1: Insignificant Consequences" TypeOf="Consequence"><Description>Tank bassin below the tank is filled with up to the capacity of the delivery tank's contents.
Evaporation is possible</Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition><Condition ID="Uncontrolled_Liquid_4212344264" Name="Uncontrolled liquid spill" ExpectedFreq="2.96803652968037E-9" Visible="True" EventOrCondition="Event" Severity="4: Serious Consequences" TypeOf="Consequence"><Description>The material is flowing outside the tank bassin, possible pollution of nearby river</Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Condition></AllConditions>
	<BarrierDiagrams>
		<BarrierDiagram ID="Diagram_14212344264" Name="Diagram 1">
			<Description>The project's first diagram
Boiling in reactor</Description>
			<GraphSize UpperLeftX="-200" UpperLeftY="-129" LowerRightX="535" LowerRightY="231"></GraphSize>
			<DiagramBarriers>
				<Gate ID="Gate14212344264" Name="Gate1" TypeOf="OR" Visible="False">
					<Description></Description>
					<AbsPos X="-5" Y="1" XM="23" YM="1"></AbsPos>
					<OutputCondition Name="No Mixing">
					</OutputCondition>
					<InputConditions>
						<ConditionReference Name="Mechanical Failure"/><ConditionReference Name="Electrical Failure"/><ConditionReference Name="No Power"/></InputConditions>
					<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Gate>
				<Barrier ID="Add_Water4212344264" Name="Add Water" BarrierType="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)" ManagementFactorType="Custom" PFD="0.02">
					<GenericBarrier Name="Operator control operation"></GenericBarrier>
					<Description>Operator control operation;
Routine operation to add water to reactor when temperature reading gets outside normal operation envelope
Instrument reading does not depend on external power supply.
Water is obtained from normal water supply which is normally pressurised even in case of a power failure. A possible common cause failure of water supply and power failure need to be accounted for.
The temperature that triggers action needs to be indisputable (fixed, documented and informed).
Water needs to be injected with sufficient momentum to obtain mixing even when stirring mechanism has failed.
Common Element: Single procesoperator</Description>
					<AbsPos X="145" Y="-9" XM="145" YM="1"></AbsPos>
					<DemandCondition Name="No Mixing"></DemandCondition>
					<ConditionOnFailure Name="Temperature rise"></ConditionOnFailure>
					<ManagementFactors/><CommonElements><CommonElementReference Name="Single procesoperator"/></CommonElements><Links/><TimeStamp TS="2015-06-01 07:11:46"/></Barrier>
				<Barrier ID="Check_Recipe4212344264" Name="Check recipe" BarrierType="10 Activated Barrier - Procedural (Observation of local conditions not using instruments)" ManagementFactorType="Custom" PFD="0.1">
					<Description>The process operator checks that the amount of substances fed into the reactor correspond with the prescribed recipe </Description>
					<AbsPos X="145" Y="141" XM="145" YM="201"></AbsPos>
					<DemandCondition Name="Wrong amounts in reactor"></DemandCondition>
					<ConditionOnFailure Name="Temperature rise"></ConditionOnFailure>
					<ManagementFactors/><CommonElements><CommonElementReference Name="Single procesoperator"/></CommonElements><Links/><Measures><MeasureReference Name="Training of operators"/><MeasureReference Name="Recipe prepared by engineer"/></Measures><TimeStamp TS="2015-04-29 10:44:18"/></Barrier>
				<Barrier ID="Dump_Water4212344264" Name="Dump water" BarrierType="5 Activated Barrier - Hardware on demand" ManagementFactorType="Custom" PFD="0.02">
					<Description>Activated Barrier - Hardware on demand
A mechanic heat sensor will open the valve from a tank filled with  X m3 water above the reactor. The water will flow to the tank by gravity (air will be let out by the open vent pipe). 
Attention has to be paid that sufficient mixing is obtained to stop the reaction
Common Element: Single procesoperator</Description>
					<AbsPos X="315" Y="1" XM="315" YM="1"></AbsPos>
					<DemandCondition Name="Temperature rise"></DemandCondition>
					<ConditionOnFailure Name="Boiling in reactor"></ConditionOnFailure>
					<ManagementFactors/><CommonElements><CommonElementReference Name="Single procesoperator"/></CommonElements><Links/><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Barrier>
				<Barrier ID="PRV_On_Top4212344264" Name="PRV on top" BarrierType="5 Activated Barrier - Hardware on demand" ManagementFactorType="Default" PFD="0.001">
					<GenericBarrier Name="Pressure RV"></GenericBarrier>
					<Description>Generic Pressure Relief Valves</Description>
					<AbsPos X="455" Y="1" XM="555" YM="1"></AbsPos>
					<DemandCondition Name="Boiling in reactor"></DemandCondition>
					<ConditionOnFailure Name="Vessel Burst"></ConditionOnFailure>
					<ConditionOnSuccess Name="Release"></ConditionOnSuccess>
					<ManagementFactors>
						<ManagementFactor ID="Prv_On_Top_ARAMIS_Item_6_Hard_Software_Purchase_Build_Interface_Install" Name="Prv on top_ARAMIS Item 6 Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install" Value="0.5" Performance="0" ManagementIssue="6th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software purchase, build, interface, install">
						</ManagementFactor>
						<ManagementFactor ID="Prv_On_Top_ARAMIS_Item_7_Hard_Software_Inspection_Maintenance_And_Replacement" Name="Prv on top_ARAMIS Item 7 Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement" Value="0.5" Performance="0" ManagementIssue="7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement">
						</ManagementFactor>
					</ManagementFactors>
					<Links><Link ID="Relief_Valve_Picture4212344264" Name="Relief valve picture" AbsReference="http://www.valve-world.net/images/specials/srv/2_fig2.gif" RelReference="" Abs="True"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Link><Link ID="Relief_Valve_24212344264" Name="Relief valve 2" AbsReference="http://www.askmehelpdesk.com/attachments/plumbing/18575d1239819237-cold-water-pressure-relief-valve-leaking-pressure-relief-valve-1.jpg" RelReference="http://www.askmehelpdesk.com/attachments/plumbing/18575d1239819237-cold-water-pressure-relief-valve-leaking-pressure-relief-valve-1.jpg" Abs="True"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Link></Links><Measures><MeasureReference Name="Preventive maintenance"/></Measures><TimeStamp TS="2015-03-24 22:03:34"/></Barrier>
				<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></DiagramBarriers>
			<InitialConditions>
				<ConditionReference Name="Wrong amounts in reactor"><AbsPos X="-95" Y="141" XM="-65" YM="201"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Mechanical Failure"><AbsPos X="-95" Y="-69" XM="-65" YM="-69"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Electrical Failure"><AbsPos X="-95" Y="1" XM="-65" YM="1"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="No Power"><AbsPos X="-95" Y="71" XM="-65" YM="71"/></ConditionReference></InitialConditions>
			<IntermediateConditions>
				<ConditionReference Name="No Mixing"><AbsPos X="75" Y="1" XM="75" YM="1"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Temperature rise"><AbsPos X="245" Y="1" XM="245" YM="1"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Boiling in reactor"><AbsPos X="385" Y="1" XM="385" YM="1"/></ConditionReference></IntermediateConditions>
			<CriticalEvent Name="Boiling in reactor"></CriticalEvent>
			<Consequences>
				<ConditionReference Name="Vessel Burst"><AbsPos X="535" Y="1" XM="635" YM="1"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Release"><AbsPos X="535" Y="-99" XM="635" YM="-99"/></ConditionReference></Consequences>
			<BarrierGraphSize UpperLeftX="-245" UpperLeftY="-189" LowerRightX="705" LowerRightY="381"/><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></BarrierDiagram>
		<BarrierDiagram ID="Tank_Filling4212344264" Name="Tank filling"><Description>Tank filling operation</Description><BarrierGraphSize UpperLeftX="3" UpperLeftY="-100" LowerRightX="615" LowerRightY="120"/><DiagramBarriers><Barrier ID="Control_Of_Level_Ind4212344264" Name="Control of level indicator" BarrierType="10 Activated Barrier - Procedural (Observation of local conditions not using instruments)" ManagementFactorType="Default" PFD="0.01"><Description>Control of level indicator and manual stop of filling operation
</Description><AbsPos X="150" Y="50" XM="150" YM="50"/><DemandCondition Name="Filling operation"/><ConditionOnFailure Name="Level exceeds normal fill level"/><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Barrier><Barrier ID="High_Level_Alarm4212344264" Name="High Level Alarm" BarrierType="7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)" ManagementFactorType="Default" PFD="0.05"><Description>Alarm with lamp marked "tank overfill", and sound signal.
The operator has to stop the filling operation manually
7 Activated Barrier - Manual (Human action triggered by active hardware detection)</Description><AbsPos X="309" Y="50" XM="309" YM="50"/><DemandCondition Name="Level exceeds normal fill level"/><ConditionOnFailure Name="Tank overflow"/><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Barrier><Barrier ID="Tank_Wall4212344264" Name="Tank wall" BarrierType="2 Permanent Passive Barrier" ManagementFactorType="Default" PFD="0.001"><Description>Tank wall around tank, can contain the contents of the tank plus the contents of the delivery truck
2 Permanent Passive Barrier</Description><AbsPos X="468" Y="50" XM="468" YM="50"/><DemandCondition Name="Tank overflow"/><ConditionOnFailure Name="Uncontrolled liquid spill"/><ConditionOnSuccess Name="Tank bassin is partly filled"/><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Barrier></DiagramBarriers><InitialConditions><ConditionReference Name="Filling operation"><AbsPos X="63" Y="50" XM="63" YM="50"/></ConditionReference></InitialConditions><IntermediateConditions><ConditionReference Name="Level exceeds normal fill level"><AbsPos X="237" Y="50" XM="237" YM="50"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Tank overflow"><AbsPos X="396" Y="50" XM="396" YM="50"/></ConditionReference></IntermediateConditions><Consequences><ConditionReference Name="Tank bassin is partly filled"><AbsPos X="553" Y="-50" XM="553" YM="-50"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Uncontrolled liquid spill"><AbsPos X="555" Y="50" XM="555" YM="50"/></ConditionReference></Consequences><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></BarrierDiagram><BarrierDiagram ID="Barrier_With_And_Gat4212344264" Name="Barrier with And Gate">
			<Description></Description>
			<GraphSize UpperLeftX="-157" UpperLeftY="-65" LowerRightX="287" LowerRightY="259"></GraphSize>
			<DiagramBarriers>
				<Gate ID="AndGate4212344264" Name="AndGate" TypeOf="AND" Visible="True">
					<Description></Description>
					<AbsPos X="34" Y="0" XM="34" YM="0"></AbsPos>
					<OutputCondition Name="OutPut of AndGate">
					</OutputCondition>
					<InputConditions>
						<ConditionReference Name="Input til AndGate"/><ConditionReference Name="Other input to AndGate"/></InputConditions>
					<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Gate>
				<Gate ID="Alternative_OrGate4212344264" Name="Alternative OrGate" TypeOf="OR" Visible="True">
					<Description></Description>
					<AbsPos X="34" Y="140" XM="34" YM="140"></AbsPos>
					<OutputCondition Name="OutPut of AndGate">
					</OutputCondition>
					<InputConditions>
						<ConditionReference Name="Input to Or Gate"/><ConditionReference Name="ANother input to OrGate"/></InputConditions>
					<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Gate>
				<TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></DiagramBarriers>
			<InitialConditions>
				<ConditionReference Name="ANother input to OrGate"><AbsPos X="-63" Y="195" XM="-63" YM="195"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Other input to AndGate"><AbsPos X="-63" Y="55" XM="-63" YM="55"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Input til AndGate"><AbsPos X="-63" Y="-15" XM="-63" YM="-15"/></ConditionReference><ConditionReference Name="Input to Or Gate"><AbsPos X="-63" Y="125" XM="-63" YM="125"/></ConditionReference></InitialConditions>
			<IntermediateConditions>
			</IntermediateConditions>
			<Consequences>
				<ConditionReference Name="OutPut of AndGate"><AbsPos X="197" Y="0" XM="197" YM="0"/></ConditionReference></Consequences>
			<BarrierGraphSize UpperLeftX="-123" UpperLeftY="-65" LowerRightX="257" LowerRightY="265"/><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></BarrierDiagram>
	</BarrierDiagrams>
	<AllCommonElements><CommonElement ID="Single_Procesoperato4212344264" Name="Single procesoperator" PFD="0.002"><Description>The process i run by a single process operator, who has several safety critical tasks</Description><Color>clRed</Color><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/><ManagementFactors/></CommonElement><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></AllCommonElements><ProjectSettings><BarrierOptions.Height Value="50"/><BarrierOptions.Width Value="14"/><BarrierOptions.VerSeparation Value="70"/><BarrierOptions.GateSeparation Value="0"/><BarrierOptions.HorSeparation Value="30"/><BarrierOptions.Radius Value="0"/><BarrierOptions.Brush.Color Value="12632256"/><BarrierOptions.Brush.Style Value="bsSolid"/><BarrierOptions.Pen.Color Value="0"/><BarrierOptions.Pen.Width Value="1"/><BarrierOptions.Pen.Style Value="psSolid"/><BarrierOptions.Pen.Mode Value="pmCopy"/><BarrierOptions.Font.Color Value="-16777208"/><BarrierOptions.Font.Size Value="8"/><BarrierOptions.Font.Name 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RelReference="PRV.PNG" Abs="False" ID="PRV_Picture_Local4212344264"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Link></Links><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Measure><Measure ID="Preventive_Maintenance" Name="Preventive maintenance" Performance="0" ManagementIssue="7th ARAMIS Item, Hard/software Inspection, Maintenance, and Replacement"><Description>Maintenance is performed every 12 months</Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Measure><Measure ID="Training_Of_Operators" Name="Training of operators" Performance="0" ManagementIssue="2nd ARAMIS Item, Competence and Suitability"><Description></Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Measure><Measure Name="Recipe prepared by engineer" ID="Recipe_Prepared_By_E4214549565" Performance="0" ManagementIssue="5th ARAMIS Item, Procedures, rules, and goals"><Description>All recipes are prepared by an engineer</Description><TimeStamp TS="2005-12-29"/></Measure></AllMeasures><ProjectTerminology><TermsName Value="Native"/></ProjectTerminology></BarrierProject>
